Abstract: To decrease the loading time of remote sensing texture in real-time terrain rendering,an adaptive compression and decompression algorithm based on Vector Quantization is presented.Considering the property of human visual system,the similarity function between image blocks is optimized for the quantizer.A fundamental threshold is designed to be computed automatically,which can adjust local threshold to suit the characteristics of remote sensing image,such as complexity and large local difference etc.The code words are also optimized among logical neighborhood to improve codebook's quality.For the indexes,a new compression method is designed to assure random access in decompression.At last,the above algorithm is implemented on graphics hardware to accelerate the compression and decompression process.Experimental results indicate that the algorithm can generate the compression data with better reconfiguration quantity.The algorithm can also obtain efficient compression for various resolutions and image types.The performance is significantly increased,which totally satisfies the requirement of real-time rendering.