Abstract: With the rapid development of science and technology, supercomputer systems are growing in size and complexity, which poses challenges for their usage and maintenance. Visualization provides an intuitive way to reveal the status of supercomputer systems. It enables users to gain a deeper understanding of the internal mechanisms of the systems, making it easier to use and optimize them. This survey summarizes the related work on supercomputer system visualization and classifies them into three categories: status monitoring, performance optimization, and system maintenance. For status monitoring, visualization helps analyze the process behaviors and data flows when the system is running. For performance optimization, visualization helps identify and optimize bottlenecks; For system maintenance, visualization helps discover anomalies and analyze the underlying reasons. Finally, we discuss the future research opportunities in research on supercomputer system visualization.