暗态势计算:概念、方法与应用
Dark Situation Evaluating: Concepts, Methods, and Applications
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摘要: 态势感知是指对环境元素的感知、理解以及预测, 为高层决策提供支撑. 态势信息的全面获取能够有效提高态势感知的准确性, 然而, 传统态势感知主要涉及显式信息的获取, 相较而言, 隐式的态势信息难以被察觉易被忽视, 因此, 针对态势信息不直观、态势获取不全面的问题, 本文提出了“暗态势计算”概念, 辅助人类挖掘、感知全面态势信息. 首先, 介绍了暗态势计算的内涵和优势, 并给出理论支撑. 其次, 充分利用增强现实技术生动直观的呈现方式、沉浸式智能交互、虚实叠加等诸多优势, 设计了基于增强现实的人机物虚实融合暗态势计算框架, 介绍其实现方法. 最后, 以基于航母航空保障作业的半实物电子沙盘推演系统为例, 阐述了暗态势计算的应用. 实验证明了基于暗态势计算方法的决策结果优于基于传统态势感知的决策结果, 验证了该方法的合理性及优势.Abstract: Situation awareness refers to the perception, understanding, and prediction of environmental elements, providing support for high-level decision-making. The comprehensive acquisition of situational information can effectively improve the accuracy of situation awareness. However, traditional situational awareness mainly relies on explicit information acquisition, whereas it is difficult to detect implicit situational information and they can be easily ignored. To address the problems of unintuitive situational information and incomplete situation acquisition, we propose the concept of “Dark Situation Evaluating” to help humans mine and perceive comprehensive situational information. Firstly, we introduce the connotation and advantages of dark situation evaluating and provide theoretical support. Secondly, we design a dark situation evaluating framework based on augmented reality technology that makes use of the vivid and intuitive presentation mode, immersive intelligent interaction, virtual and real superposition, and many other advantages. The implementation method of this framework is introduced. Finally, we illustrate the application of dark situation evaluating by taking the semi-physical electronic sand table deduction system based on aircraft carrier aviation support operations as an example. Experiments have shown that decision-making results based on the dark situation evaluating method are better than those based on traditional situational awareness, verifying the rationality and advantages of our method.