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OD数据可视分析综述

A Survey on OD Data Visualization

  • 摘要: OD数据是一类提供起点和终点位置、稀疏地描述对象移动轨迹的数据.OD数据可视分析能够发现群体移动模式,挖掘空间异常和隐藏关系,深入探索和分析多种统计属性,是数据可视化、地理空间分析等领域的研究热点.从OD数据的地理空间点对结构出发,阐述经典的OD数据可视化方法和原理,如OD矩阵、OD嵌套地图、OD流图等;然后从空间聚类维度、空间语义维度和时空联合维度对OD数据进行可视分析,探寻其在特征的表达、感知、提取、呈现等方面的应用场景和增强意义;再针对大规模OD数据可视化的视觉混淆问题,梳理OD数据可视分析研究方法中过滤、采样及聚合等视觉简化方法;最后通过OD数据可视分析技术在不同行业领域的应用及具体案例,总结和深入讨论OD数据可视分析中存在的挑战性问题,并展望该领域的发展趋势.

     

    Abstract: OD data is a type of data that provides origin and destination positions,and sparsely describes the movement trajectory of objects.Being the research hotspots in data visualization and geospatial analysis,visual analysis of OD data contributes to discovering group movement patterns,exploring spatial anomalies and hidden relationships,and in-depth analysis of various statistics attributes.It is started from the pair-point structure of OD data in geospatial space,and classical OD data visualization methods and principles are elaborated,such as OD matrix,OD map,OD flow,etc.Then from the perspective of spatial-temporal feature exploration,spatial and spatial-temporal joint dimensions,the visual analysis of OD data is performed,while its application scenarios and enhanced significance of feature expression,perception,extraction and presen-tation are researched.To solve the problem of visual clutter in large-scale OD data visualization,the visual simplification methods such as filtering,aggregation,and sampling are sorted out in the research methods of visual analysis of OD data.Finally,the applications and specific cases of OD data visual analysis technology are investigated in different domains,the challenging problems in the research of OD data visual analysis are summarized,and the trend of its future development is prospected.

     

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