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魏明强, 陈红华, 孙杨杏, 汪俊, 郭延文, 燕雪峰. 破损文物数字化修复: 以中国出土青铜器为例[J]. 计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 2021, 33(5): 789-797. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1089.2021.18555
引用本文: 魏明强, 陈红华, 孙杨杏, 汪俊, 郭延文, 燕雪峰. 破损文物数字化修复: 以中国出土青铜器为例[J]. 计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 2021, 33(5): 789-797. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1089.2021.18555
Wei Mingqiang, Chen Honghua, Sun Yangxing, Wang Jun, Guo Yanwen, Yan Xuefeng. Digital Restoration of Damaged Cultural Relics: A Case Study on Chinese Unearthed Bronzes[J]. Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics, 2021, 33(5): 789-797. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1089.2021.18555
Citation: Wei Mingqiang, Chen Honghua, Sun Yangxing, Wang Jun, Guo Yanwen, Yan Xuefeng. Digital Restoration of Damaged Cultural Relics: A Case Study on Chinese Unearthed Bronzes[J]. Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics, 2021, 33(5): 789-797. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1089.2021.18555

破损文物数字化修复: 以中国出土青铜器为例

Digital Restoration of Damaged Cultural Relics: A Case Study on Chinese Unearthed Bronzes

  • 摘要: 出土青铜器大多存在缺失碎块现象,包括片状缺块、跨区域缺块和结构性缺块.随着三维重建和激光扫描技术的发展,以高精度数字化模型为基础的文物修复技术得到了广泛的重视.针对青铜器缺块的多样性和复杂性,从青铜器自身具有的形态特征出发,提出了青铜器缺块的多元数字化补配框架.对于片状缺块,分析了具有缺失数据的模型内蕴对称性,研究了青铜器表面纹饰的提取方法,根据模型对称变换建立覆盖缺块的初始模型,再根据纹饰拼接方法,从局部精细调整缺块初步模型,使缺块模型上的纹饰与周围模型的纹饰美观拼接,从而形成了青铜器三维模型从全局到局部的补配方案;对于跨区域缺块,设计了缺块边缘欧拉螺线的走向和研究了缺块内外数据的相似性匹配技术,使用了由粗到精、特征敏感的补配方法;对于结构性缺块,设计了具有高效、良好交互性能的缺块几何形态编辑技术,进而为破损青铜器的缺块补配提供了一个专业、便捷的,且具有多元互补方案的计算机辅助几何处理平台.

     

    Abstract: Bronzes are one of the Chinese cultural treasures.However,most unearthed bronzes inevitably miss some pieces with types of patch-like,crossing patch-like and structural ones.With the great improvements of the 3D reconstruction and laser scanning techniques,the usage of the 3D cultural relic models with the high fidelity for the cultural relic repairing has been received a widely attention.The missing pieces on bronzes are usually with different types and with complicated geometries and topologies.Therefore,this paper seeks to complete the missing pieces based on the morphological characteristics of the bronzes themselves.Key technologies have been studied,including the following items.For patch-like missed pieces,the symmetry of models with missing data is first detected,and the missing pieces are then filled based on global symmetric transformation to obtain initial making-up results.Due to the approximate symmetry of the bronze surface,the initial result is often incoherent with its surrounding surface.Therefore,it is necessary to extract local reliefs on the surface,and naturally make reliefs on the initial result coordinated with the ones on the holes’boundaries based on existing curves matching techniques.For crossing patch-like ones,we design the trend of the Euler spiral of the missing block edge and study the similarity matching technique of the data inside and outside the missing block,and use the coarse-to-fine and feature-sensitive matching method.For the structural missing ones,a surface editing technique with high efficiency and good interactive performance is introduced to complete the bronzes.Our research can provide technical supports on the digital restoration of the bronzes.

     

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