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投入产出视角下中国碳转移特征可视分析方法研究

Visual Analysis of Carbon Transfer Characteristics in China from the Perspective of Input-Output

  • 摘要: 碳转移是指在产品生命周期中, 由于经济活动而导致隐含碳所发生的排放转移. 产业部门间复杂多变的碳转移关系使得碳转移特征及其时序变化规律难以被有效地捕捉和发现. 为了探索碳在不同产业部门的时空转移特征及时空转移规律, 设计了面向不同地区产业部门投入产出数据的碳转移特征可视分析工具. 首先, 基于多区域投入产出模型, 对于不同地区产业部门之间的碳转移规模进行测算, 构建所有地区产业部门之间的碳转移网络; 其次, 在构建的碳转移网络基础上, 利用node2vec模型将地区产业部门转换为高维向量表征, 投影至低维空间, 直观地探索和分析与碳转移关系紧密的产业部门, 并设计交互便捷的多个关联视图, 以展示不同时间步碳转移特征, 帮助用户快速地感知和发现碳转移的时序变化规律和异常; 最后, 设计交互方案关联可视化系统, 实现面向碳转移的可视分析, 支持用户从多个角度交互地感知和探索隐含的碳转移模式及其时序变化特征. 利用我国真实的碳排放数据进行的案例分析的结果表明, 所设计的系统可以帮助用户从多个角度分析碳转移特征及其时序变化规律, 对于合理指导地区产业部门的碳转移, 促进区域经济可持续发展, 为我国的碳减排决策提供理论支持具有重要意义.

     

    Abstract: Carbon transfer refers to the transfer of embodied carbon emissions through economic activities in the product life cycle. The complex and variable carbon transfer relationships among industrial sectors make it difficult to capture and discover the carbon transfer characteristics and their time-series change patterns effectively. To explore the spatial and temporal transfer characteristics and spatial and temporal transfer patterns of carbon in different industrial sectors, a visual analysis tool of carbon transfer characteristics is designed for input-output data of industrial sectors in different regions. Firstly, based on the multi-region input-output model, we measure the carbon transfer scale between different regional industrial sectors and construct a carbon transfer network among all regional industrial sectors. Secondly, based on the constructed carbon transfer network, we use the node2vec model to transform regional industrial sectors into high-dimensional vector representations and project them into low-dimensional space to visually explore and analyze the industrial sectors with close carbon transfer relationships. Thirdly, multiple correlation views are designed to show the carbon transfer characteristics at different time steps simultaneously, enabling users to quickly perceive and discover the temporal change patterns and anomalies of carbon transfer. Finally, an interactive scheme correlation visualization system is designed to realize the visual analysis of carbon transfer, supporting users to perceive and explore the embodied carbon transfer patterns and their temporal change characteristics from multiple perspectives interactively. Case studies based on real carbon emission data in China present that the designed system can help users to analyze the carbon transfer characteristics and its time-series variation patterns from multiple perspectives, which is important for the rational guidance of carbon transfer in regional industrial sectors, promoting the sustainable development of regional economy, and providing theoretical support for carbon reduction decisions in China.

     

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