Abstract: The quality of mesh generated by automatic meshing techniques sometimes cannot satisfy the requirements for numerical analysis and simulation.A simple and efficient approach for triangular mesh topological optimization is developed based on mesh simplification and subdivision.First a coarse mesh with good topological connectivity is obtained by edge collapse with topological improvement.Then the coarse mesh is refined by subdivision to introduce vertices with good valance.Finally the mesh simplification with topological improvement is performed again until a predefined threshold for number of vertices is reached.The testing results demonstrate that the proposed approach can greatly improve the mesh topological connectivity as well as the mesh quality when combining with mesh smoothing.