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三维高斯溅射轻量化表达与跨平台渲染

Lightweight Representation and Cross-platform Rendering of 3D Gaussian Splatting

  • 摘要: 针对大尺度电网场景下三维高斯溅射数据传输效率低、存储开销大及渲染帧率受限的问题,提出一种轻量化跨平台渲染系统,以支撑智能电网数字孪生的高效构建。所提系统的实现过程如下:首先,对高斯图元属性进行量化编码,并采用WebP格式对图像进行压缩,以降低存储体积。其次,基于八叉树对场景进行空间分块,构建多层级数据组织结构。然后,根据视点距离与视锥范围设计动态LOD调度策略,按需加载不同精度的高斯图元数据。最后,将上述模块集成至跨平台渲染管线,实现PC端与Web端的部署及实时渲染。在3个无人机采集的电网场景和3个室外真实场景数据集上的实验结果表明,所提系统的数据压缩率达到19.46%,Web端平均渲染帧率为58 帧/s,在保持可接受视觉质量的同时,显著降低了存储开销并提升了传输效率。

     

    Abstract: To address the challenges of low data transmission efficiency, high storage overhead, and limited rendering frame rates of applying 3D Gaussian Splatting to large-scale power grid scenes, we propose a lightweight cross-platform rendering system to support the efficient construction of smart grid digital twins. The sys-tem comprises the following components: First, Gaussian primitive attributes are quantized and encoded, and images are compressed using the WebP format to reduce storage footprint. Second, the scene is spa-tially partitioned using an octree structure to establish a multi-level hierarchical data organization. Third, a dynamic LOD scheduling strategy is designed based on viewpoint distance and view frustum range, ena-bling on-demand loading of Gaussian primitive data at different detail levels. Finally, all modules are inte-grated into a cross-platform rendering pipeline to support deployment and real-time rendering on both PC and Web clients. Experimental results on three UAV-captured power grid scenes and three outdoor re-al-world datasets demonstrate that the proposed system achieves a data compression ratio of 19.46% and an average Web-client rendering frame rate of 58 frames/s, significantly reducing storage overhead and improving transmission efficiency while maintaining acceptable visual quality.

     

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