一种面向多路口交通信号控制优化的可视分析方法
A Visual Analytics Approach to Traffic Signal Control Optimization for Multiple Road Intersections
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摘要: 交通信号灯已被广泛应用于缓解交通拥堵并提升交通效率, 然而由于交通状况的复杂多样性和路口之间的相互作用, 为多个路口制定有效的交通信号控制策略极具挑战性. 针对现有的控制策略优化方法——自适应方法和固定方法中存在的问题, 为了优化多个路口的交通信号控制策略, 提出一种面向多路口交通信号控制优化的可视分析方法. 所提方法通过与专家合作提炼出针对低效交通信号控制策略的提取与优化需求, 据此构建了新颖的可视分析系统 VisualTSC; 所实现的轨迹挖掘流程集成了低效路口提取与优化策略生成功能, 与可视分析系统协同助力专家精准掌握路口交通效率, 并通过仿真生成可行的备选控制策略; VisualTSC提供一组可视化工具, 基于多层次等值线的地图与仿真视图帮助专家通过路口之间的关系分析优化结果, 表格视图和针对轨迹的分析视图协助专家通过比较确定最优策略; VisualTSC的有效性通过真实数据集下的2个使用场景及专家访谈证明, 专家通过系统重现了案例, 并对使用情况给出了积极的定性评价.Abstract: Traffic lights have been widely used to alleviate traffic congestion and improve traffic efficiency. However, due to the complex variability of traffic conditions and interactions between intersections, formulating ef-fective traffic signal control strategies for multiple intersections is highly challenging. Aiming at issues in existing optimization methods which are adaptive and fixed-time, this paper proposes a visual analytics method for multi-intersection traffic signal control optimization. Through collaborative interviews with experts, the paper extracts the problems and demands related to identifying and optimizing inefficient traf-fic signal control strategies, and accordingly constructs a novel visual analytics system—VisualTSC. The implemented trajectory mining process, which integrates the extraction of inefficient intersections and generation of optimization strategies, assists experts to understand the traffic efficiency of intersections and provides feasible alternative control strategies via simulation combined with the visual analytics sys-tem. VisualTSC employs a multi-level contour map to visualize intersection relationships, and offers tabu-lar and trajectory views to support optimal strategies decision-making. The effectiveness of VisualTSC is verified via two application scenarios using real-world datasets and follow-up expert interviews, where experts reproduced the cases and provided positive qualitative evaluations on its performance.