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高效高精度自适应采样控制流体仿真

Efficient and Highly Accurate Adaptive Sampling Control Fluid Simulation

  • 摘要: 流体仿真是计算机图形学领域备受关注的研究方向, 特别是流体动态生成逼真的模型. 在大规模场景中生成复杂模型的控制流体效果时, 现有方法常出现流体粒子堆积和崩坏等问题, 导致表面重构后占用的内存过大, 限制实时VR、游戏和影视的应用. 为了解决上述问题, 精确地控制流体形状以匹配目标模型, 确保流体的流动性, 提出一种多层采样与多重约束控制流体的仿真方法. 首先根据模型的均匀性引入两种采样方法: 对于均匀模型使用双层采样, 通过体素化采样得到内部采样粒子, 通过蓝噪声采样得到表面采样粒子; 对于非均匀模型, 仅使用蓝噪声采样得到表面采样粒子. 然后基于这些采样方法设计了多种约束模型, 包括塑形约束、密度约束、半密度约束和加权约束, 确保流体得以精确控制; 特别地, 所提方法可根据模型特征自动调整, 确保简单模型中流体的流动和复杂模型中流体的贴合. 在多个场景上的实验结果表明, 与现有的方法相比, 该方法在控制流体精度和效率上都取得了进步, 能够在VR场景中以60~120 帧/s的速度运行, 为流体动态的实时应用提供了新的方法.

     

    Abstract: Fluid simulation is a highly regarded research direction in the field of computer graphics, particularly in generating realistic models of fluid dynamics. When generating complex fluid control effects in large-scale scenes, existing methods often encounter issues such as particle accumulation and collapse, leading to excessive memory usage after surface reconstruction, which limits real-time applications in VR, gaming, and film. To address these issues and accurately control the fluid shape to match the target model while ensuring fluidity, we propose a simulation method that combines multi-layer sampling and multi-constraint controls. First, we introduce two sampling methods based on the uniformity of the model: for uniform models, we use dual-layer sampling, obtaining internal sampling particles through voxelization and surface sampling particles through blue noise sampling; for non-uniform models, we only use blue noise sampling for surface sampling particles. Next, we design various constraint models based on these sampling methods, including shape constraints, density constraints, half-density constraints, and weighted constraints, to ensure precise control of the fluid. Notably, our method can automatically adjust according to model characteristics, ensuring fluid flow in simple models and adherence in complex models. Experimental results across multiple scenarios demonstrate that compared to existing methods, our approach improves both fluid control accuracy and efficiency, achieving operational speeds of 60 to 120 frames per second in VR environments, thereby opening up new possibilities for real-time applications of fluid dynamics.

     

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